梁啟超LIANG QICHAO
240px-ALiang-Qichao.jpg
Liang Qichao


BIOGRAPHY

Liang Qichao was a Chinese journalist, scholar, philosopher and reformist during the Qing Dynasty. He was a very talented writer who started writing thousand word essay when he was nine years old. Liang's first political career began in 1895. K'ang Yu-Wei, Liang Qichao's Confucius teacher, and Liang Qichao protested the Treaty of Shimonoseki. [2] However, this protest had no visible impact. Due to several problems, Liang Qichao was exiled to Japan in 1898. After one year, during the Boxer's Rebellion, he was at Canada. In 1900-1901, Liang Qichao visited Australia on a six month tour. Liang Qichao, a renowned reformist, wanted to adopt the western technology, industry and the government system from Australia. [1]

PHILOSOPHY

Liang Qichao's philosophy was based on the chinese reforms. He thought the chinese need to be ruled by a despotic style of government. Liang Qichao also believed in there should be a change in the chinese culture. He believes that without changes in culture or the attitude, other changes would be impossible. Lian Qichao believes that this cultural reform could reinforce the social cohesion. [3]

WHO OPPOSED LIANG QICHAO?

Cixi opposed reforms, since she thought the reform was too radical. In 1898, the Conservative Coup exiled Liang to Japan, stopping the reforms. [2]

PRIMARY SOURCES

Since
 the
 appearance
 of
 mankind
 on
 earth,
 thousands
 of
 countries
 have
 existed
 on
 the earth.
 Of
 these,
 however,
 only
 about
 a
 hundred
 still
 occupy
 a
 place
 on
 the
 map
 of
 the
 five continents.
 And
 among
 these
 hundred‑odd
 countries
 there
 are
 only
 four
 or
 five
 great
 powers
 that
 are
 strong
 enough
 to
 dominate
 the
 world
 and
 to
 conquer
 nature.
 All
 countries
 have
 the
 same
 sun
 and
 moon,
 all
 have
 mountains
 and
 rivers,
 and
 all
 consist
 of
 people
 with
 feet
 and
 skulls;
but
some
countries
rise
while
others
fall,
and
some
become
strong
while
others
are
weak.
 Why?
 Some
 attribute
 it
 to
 geographical
 advantages.
 But
 geographically,
 America
 today
 is
 the
 same
 as
 America
 in
 ancient
 times;
 why
 then
 do
 only
 the
 Anglo‑Saxons
 enjoy
 the
 glory?
 Similarly,
ancient
Rome
was
the
same
as
Rome
today;
why
then
have
the
Latin
people
declined
 in it
 is
 no 
longer
seen;
Mongolia
once
had
Chinggis
Khan,
and
yet
today
it
can
hardly
maintain
its
 existence.
 Ah!
 I
 know
 the
 reason.
 A
 state
 is
 formed
 by
 the
 assembling
 of
 people.
 The
 relationship
of
a
nation
to
its
 people
resembles
that
of
the
 body
 to
 its
four
 limbs,
five
 viscera,
 muscles,
veins,
and
corpuscles.
It
has
never
happened
that
the
four
limbs
could
be
cut
off,
the
 five body
 still
 live.
 Similarly,
 it
 has
 never
 happened
 that
 a
 people
 could
 be
 foolish,
 timid,
 disorganized, for rich. [4]

SOURCE

1) "A Chinese Reformer at the Birth of a Nation: Liang Quichao and the Chinese Heritage of Australian Federation." Web. 12 May 2010. <http://www.chaf.lib.latrobe.edu.au/exhibition.htm>.
2) "Liang Qichao: Biography from Answers.com." Answers.com: Wiki Q&A Combined with Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus, and Encyclopedias. Web. 12 May 2010. <http://www.answers.com/topic/liang-qichao>.
3) "Liang Qichao of the Qing Dynasty and His Vision of China's Future." Associated Content - Associatedcontent.com. Web. 12 May 2010. <http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/13958/liang_qichao_of_the_qing_dynasty_and.html?cat=37>.
4) "Powered by Google 문서도구." Welcome to Google Docs. Web. 12 May 2010. <http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:QfUbtcYvpHUJ:afe.easia.columbia.edu/ps/cup/liang_qichao_renewing_people.pdf+liang+qichao+primary+source&hl=ko&gl=kr&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESjsZO3W4oJgRfxw7cUgb_eKx6Qu53ZOzT-UB_KJ0JEMcqPWVE1c_bUZofBJgsHHsJaRrDu68kbzZQkpwjT8OvE6ROwhhbvdde9EX2I0JAbccKruhUWqh3GuRZsjmUeNVagP8sie&sig=AHIEtbSyXuZZzjeYwpM2AgzZVoF1oejU5g>.


Sangwoo Song
10.05.12
D-block